Explain the various responses to increasing globalization from 1900 to present.
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Unit
9: Globalization, 1900 - present Amsco ReadingWriting WorkshopOther ReadingEssential VocabularyMiscellaneous LinksLearning Objectives / CEDVideo: Heimler - Economic Developments in the Industrial Age - 5.7Crash Course VideosMiscellaneous Videos: College Board - 9.6-9.7 Globalized Culture and Resistance to Globalization9.1: Advances in Technology and Exchange after 1900📱Communication TechnologyWe defined globalization in very dictionary-like terms in the overview, but let’s zoom in on a more informal scale of what globalization is! Globalization, today, makes the world feel smaller than it did in 1900. Communication technology that makes it possible to talk to people from all sorts of backgrounds and ethnicities and cultures has made the biggest impact on this. One of the major technological advancements that we’ve experienced since 1900 is definitely the cellular phone📱With my cell phone, I can call, text, and facetime people that live halfway across the world, over 10,000 miles away. Before we got to the iPhone XR, we went through innovations like the telegraph and landline phonesthat didn’t allow for as much connection or global communication as today. If you go ask your parents right now, they’ll probably be able to tell you about how it used to be $10 more to make an international phone call on their wired landline phone just a couple decades ago. That charge on their phone bills made globalization much harder, since it cost money to be able to talk to people of different nationalities that live far away! With new technology, the process of globalization has become easier than ever before. 🤳🏽Social MediaThis map from Wikipediashows the changes brought by the Arab Spring. Wait . . . why is this under the social media section? 🤔 It’s a really cool reason! Many protesters used their phones to record what was happening live in the Middle East and broadcasted it on platforms like Facebook for people around the world to watch and experience what was happening. During the Bahraini Arab Spring, it’s estimated that the social media usage more than doubled. In Egypt, almost all of the protests were organized by groups using Facebook and Twitter to gather people and information. The New York Times wrote a piece in 2012about how “the Facebook Generation'' helped to lead the movement, starting with an accidental rallying group that grew from 300 to 250,000 in just a couple of months. Even beyond the Arab Spring, with the growth of platforms like Twitter and Instagram in the past decade, many new movements, like the Black Lives Matter Organization, have set up rallies, protests, and other events to protest social injustices ✊🏽 🚜Agricultural TechnologyIn the mid-1900s, a guy named Norman Bourlag helped to pioneer an agricultural revolution in Mexico. This agricultural revolution was dubbed the Green Revolution by the USAID, as it helped promote better methods of agriculture. The Green Revolution helped introduce:
High-yield strains of crops allowed for less land to be used for agriculture while producing more output, commonly known as GMOs. These high-yield crops were first used in mainly India and Mexico for types of rice, wheat, and other diet staple grain crops. While questions were raised about human health and environmental hazards with these new technologies in agriculture, the innovations were largely a success and diffused rapidly across the globe. The diffusion of these crops helped to even fight hunger and drought in the African continent, which started to experience rapid population growth during this time period. For his work in developing these agricultural innovations, Norman Bourlag was named “the Father of the Green Revolution” and even won a Nobel Peace Prize in 1970 for his work 🥇 🧬BiotechnologyIn the next key topic, 9.2: Technological Advances and Limitations after 1900: Disease, we’ll go more in depth into the changes that have taken place to combat diseases and illnesses across the globe. In this section, we’ll discuss some of the more major technological advancements in medicine, as opposed to our focus of the Human-Environment Interaction (HEI) with diseases in the next section! Remember to keep the SPICE-T topics that we discussed in the 9.0: Overview in mind. Women’s Health Even just in the 21st century, the healthcare industry has made great strides in the technology to affect reproductive health. Contraception is now widely available in the More Developed Countries (MDCs)and even available through many NGOs (Non-Governmental Organizations) in the Lesser Developed Countries (LDCs). With the greater availability of birth control in the modern world, this brings positive and negative consequences. Many of the positive consequences are focused on in textbooks and are easier to remember, so let’s focus on the negatives ones here. Culturally, many organizations and groups, like the Evangelical Right in the USA, are strongly opposed to modern birth control methods, including oral contraception and abortion. Another negative impact for the growth of the human population is that increased access to contraception leads to a decrease in Total Fertility Rate (TFR) in almost all MDCs. In countries like Germany, with wide access to sexual education and contraception in all forms, we are actually seeing a decrease in the total population and in the Natural Increase Rate (NIR). This will most likely lead to a lower population in total on the Earth and the decline of the human race if more countries start to follow this trend. How has globalization changed culture since 1900?The spread of common wealth and access to technology gave rise to a shared cultural experience between borders. Western influence in music and movies spread across borders. Similarly, music from different nations spread across the globe.
How has the development of new technologies changed the world from 1900 to present?Topic 9.1 Advances in Technology and Exchange After 1900
I.A New modes of communication—including radio communication, cellular communication, and the internet—as well as transportation, including air travel and shipping containers, reduced the problem of geographic distance.
What was one cause of increasing globalization in the 1990s?Globalization in the 1990s
With the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1989 and the end of the Cold War in 1991, the world became more interconnected. This is because the communist bloc countries, which had previously been intentionally isolated from the capitalist West, began to integrate into the global market economy.
Why did globalization grow in the 19th and 20th centuries?Globalization in this period was decisively shaped by nineteenth-century imperialism. After the First and Second Opium Wars, which opened up China to foreign trade, and the completion of the British conquest of India, the vast populations of these regions became ready consumers of European exports.
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