Bài tập mệnh đềtrạng ngữ chỉ nguyên nhân tiếng anh năm 2024

1. Chúng ta tạo một mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ lý do với liên từ ví dụ như because (bởi vì).

• I made mistakes because I was tired.

(Tôi đã mắc lỗi vì tôi mệt.)

• As the weather is often warm, many of the homes have swimming pools.

(Vì thời tiết thường ấm áp, nhiều nhà có bể bơi.)

• Since no one asked me, I didn't tell them.

(Vì không ai hỏi, nên tôi không nói.)

• Seeing (that) it's so late, why don't you stay the night?

(Muộn rồi, tại sao bạn không ở lại đêm nay?)

• Now (that) I've finished the course, I have to look for a job.

(Giờ tôi đã hoàn thành khóa học, tôi phải tìm một công việc.)

GHI CHÚ

1. So sánh một mệnh đề kết quả. I was tired, so I made mistakes. (Tôi mệt mỏi, vì vậy tôi đã phạm sai lầm.)

2. Because là liên từ phổ biến nhất chỉ lí do. Chúng ta có thể sử dụng nó để trả lời một câu hỏi về lí do. Why did you make so many mistakes? ~ (Because) I was tired. (Tại sao bạn lại phạm nhiều sai lầm như vậy? ~ (Bởi vì) tôi mệt mỏi.)

3. Đôi khi chúng ta sử dụng because để đưa ra một lý do vì sao lại nói thế ở mệnh đề chính. Is your car for sale, because I might be interested? (Xe của bạn để bán phải không, bởi vì tôi có thể quan tâm?)

4. So sánh các câu này.

• I didn't go to the exhibition because I was busy. I'm sorry I missed it.

​​​​​​​(Tôi đã không đến triển lãm vì tôi bận. Tôi xin lỗi tôi đã bỏ lỡ nó.)

• I didn't go to the exhibition because I was interested. I went there to see Sandra.

(Tôi đi đến triển lãm không phải vì tôi quan tâm. Tôi đến đó để gặp Sandra.)

Trong câu thứ hai interested cũng được nhấn mạnh.

5. For (= because) thì trang trọng và lỗi thời.

The soldiers were exhausted for they had marched a long way.

(Những người lính kiệt sức vì họ đã hành quân một chặng đường dài.)

Một mệnh đề với for đứng sau mệnh đề chính.

2. Chúng ta cũng có thể sử dụng mệnh đề phân từ.

• Being tired, I made mistakes.

(Vì mệt, tôi đã mắc lỗi.)

• Having finished the course, I have to look for a job.

(Vì đã học xong, tôi phải đi tìm việc.)

3. Chúng ta cũng có thể sử dụng các giới từ because of, due to, in view of và on account of (vì).

The new welfare scheme was abandoned because of the cost.

(Chương trình phúc lợi mới đã bị hủy bỏ vì chi phí.)

GHI CHÚ

1. Chúng ta có thể sử dụng một mệnh đề chia ngôi sau in view of the fact that và due to the fact that.

The scheme was abandoned in view of the fact that it was proving unpopular.

(Đề án đã bị bãi bỏ vì thực tế là nó được chứng minh là không được yêu thích.)

2. Out of có thể diễn tả động cơ của hành động.

I had a look just out of curiosity.

(Tôi nhìn chỉ vì tò mò.)

3. Considering là một liên từ, giới từ hoặc trạng từ.

Considering (that) he's seventy, George is remarkably fit.​​​​​​​

(Xét đến việc ông ấy đã 70 tuổi, thì George quá khoẻ mạnh.)

Considering his age, George is remarkably fit.

(Xét về tuổi tác thi George quá khoẻ mạnh.)

George is seventy, you know. He's remarkably fit, considering.

(George bảy mươi tuổi, bạn biết đấy. Xét cho cùng thì ông ấy quá khoẻ mạnh.)

Mệnh đề trạng ngữ có chức năng giống như một trạng từ hay phó từ. Bài viết hôm nay sẽ giới thiệu tới các bạn 9 dạng mệnh đề trạng ngữ được sử dụng phổ biến trong tiếng Anh.

1. Các mệnh đề trạng ngữ phổ biến

1.1 Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ mục đích (Adverbial clauses of purpose)

Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ mục đích thường bắt đầu bằng các từ sau đây:

• So that: để
• In order that: để
• For fear that: sợ rằng, thường được theo sau bởi should.
• In case: phòng khi

1.2 Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ nguyên nhân (Adverbial clauses of cause)

Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ nguyên nhân thường bắt đầu bằng các từ sau đây:

• Because: vì
• As: vì
• Since: vì
• Seeing that: vì

E.g: Seeing that you won't help me, I must do the job myself.

1.3 Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ nơi chốn (Adverbial clauses of place)

Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ nơi chốn thường bắt đầu bằng các từ sau đây:

• Where: nơi (mà)

E.g: I will go where you tell me.

• Wherever: bất cứ nơi đâu

E.g: Sit wherever you like.

1.4 Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian (Adverbial clauses of time)

Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian thường bắt đầu bằng các từ sau đây:

• When: khi

E.g: When it rains, I usually go to school by bus.

• While: trong khi

E.g: I learned a lot of Japanese while I was in Tokyo.

• Before: trước khi

E.g: She had learned English before she came to England.

• After: sau khi

E.g: I came after he had left here.

• Since: từ khi

E.g: I have taught here since I graduated from university.

• As: khi

E.g: As I was a child, I used to go swimming.

• Till/ until: cho đến khi

E.g: I'll stay here till/ until you get back.

• As soon as: ngay khi

E.g: As soon as John heard the. news, he wrote to me.

• Just as: ngay khi

E.g: Just as he entered the room I heard a terrible explosion.

• Whenever: bất cứ lúc nào

E.g: I will discuss it with you whenever you like.

1.5 Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ cách thức (Adverbial clauses of manner)

Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ cách thức thường bắt đầu bằng các từ: as (như), as if (như thể là), like (như)

E.g:

• Do it as I've told you.
• It looks as if it's going to rain.

1.6 Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ kết quả (Adverbial clauses of result)

Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ kết quả thường bắt đầu bằng các từ sau:

• So + adj/ adv + that: đến nỗi mà

E.g: The coffee is so hot that I cannot drink it.

• Khi tính từ là much/ many, có thể có danh từ theo sau:

E.g: There was so much noise that we couldn't hear him.

• Such (a/an) + N + that: đến nỗi mà

E.g: It was such a hot day that I took off my jacket.

1.7 Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ sự nhượng bộ (Adverbial clauses of concession)

Though/although: mặc dù

E.g: Although John tried hard, he was not successful.

No matter: dù cho....đi chăng nữa, có ý nghĩa tương tự như (al)though được theo sau bởi how, what, where, who.

• No matter how = however
• No matter who = whoever
• No matter where = wherever
• No matter what = whatever

E.g:

No matter how/ however fast he ran, his brother arrived first.

(Dù cho anh ta có chạy nhanh bao nhiêu đi nữa, anh trai của anh ta củng đến trước tiên.)

1.8 Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ sự so sánh (Adverbial clauses of comparison)

Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ sự so sánh bắt đầu bằng "than, as .. .as, as"

E.g: He speaks English as fluently as his father.

1.9 Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ điều kiện (Adverbial clauses of condition)

Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ điều kiện bắt đầu bằng "if" và "unless"

E.g: If I were you, I would go to France with him.

2. Một số bài tập vận dụng

Bài 1: Find the adverbial clause in each sentence.

1. When I delivered the newspaper, I saw Mrs. Sampson at the window.

2. Because that clerk was so helpful, I praised her to the store manager.

3. You may play outside until it's dark.

4. He becomes nervous when he speaks in public.

5. Please visit us whenever you are in New York.

6. Nero fiddled while Rome burned.

7. The movie was just beginning as we bought our tickets.

8. She can swim better than Bob can.

Bài 2: Choose the correct answer in brackets to complete the sentences

1. _______ he always did well on his English tests, his parents were not surprised that he got an A. (When / Since)

2. You should keep the milk in the refrigerator _______ it wouldn't go bad. (since/ so that)

3. _______ he thinks he's smart, he isn't. (Although/ After)

4. You should say goodbye to your brother _______ you leave for Europe, (before/ since)

5. _______ my father has high blood pressure, he has to watch what he eats. (Before / Since)

6. _______ I came to this country, I hadn't spoken a word of English! (Before/ Since)

7. I'll let you know _______ I come back, (because / after)

8. He doesn't understand _______ he doesn't speak French very well, (so that / because)

9. He spoke slowly _______ she would understand, (because / so that)

10. _______ you stop crying, I'll buy you an ice cream. (If / Since)

Bài 3: Find out the adverbial clauses in the following sentences and state the kind of each.

1. Even if it rains, I will come.

2. When you have finished your work, you may go home.

3. You can put it wherever you like.

4. I did not buy that watch because it was expensive.

5. You must go whether you hear from him or not.

6. He spoke in such a low voice that few people could hear him.

7. Since you have apologized, we will take no further action against you.

8. I have not been well since I returned from the hills.

9. He was so weak that he could not stand.

10. As he was not there, I spoke to his mother.

Bài 4: Choose the best answer.

1. The flight was delayed _______ the fog

1. in spite of

2. because of

3. though

4. since

2. Huong didn't participate in the contest _______ her lack of confidence.

1. because

2. because of

3. since

4. despite

3. He hid that letter in a book _______ no one could read it.

1. so that

2. because

3. although

4. in spite of

4. _______ Nam was unable to see anything, he knew someone was in his room

1. Because

2. In case

3. if

4. Even though

5. The mother got angry because _______.

1. her son behaved badly

2. her son's bad behavior

3. her son will behave badly

4. her son bad behaving

6. He lost his job _______ his laziness.

1. due to

2. in spite of

3. despite

4. because

7. _______ the liberation of women, women can take part in social activities.

1. Because

2. Thanks to

3. While

4. As

8. She decided to leave her job in the company _______ she could earn a lot of money there.

1. because

2. although

3. despite

4. since

9. In spite _______, the football match was not cancelled .

1. the rain

2. of the rain

3. it was raining

4. there was a rain

10. _______ he had enough money, he refused to buy a new car.

1. In spite

2. In spite of

3. Despite

4. Although

Bài 5: Choose the best sentence that is closest in meaning to the given one.

1. The children laughed a lot because of the funny story.

1. The children laughed a lot because the story is funny.

2. The children laughed a lot because of the story funny.

3. The children laughed a lot because it was funny.

4. The children laughed a lot because the story was funny.

2. Although he took a taxi, Bill still arrived late for the concert.

1. Bill arrived late for the concert because he takes a taxi.

2. Bill arrived late for the concert because of the taxi.

3. In spite of taking a taxi, Bill arrived late for the concert.

4. Although Bill took a taxi, he can't come to the concert on time.

3. She was so busy that she couldn't answer the phone.

1. Because she was very busy, she couldn't answer the phone.

2. Because she was very busy, she could answer the phone.

3. Although she was very busy, she couldn't answer the phone.

4. Although she was very busy, she could answer the phone.

4. No matter how hard I tried, I couldn't open the door.

1. Although I tried very hard, I couldn't open the door.

2. Although I tried very hard, I could open the door.

3. In spite of I tried very hard, I couldn't open the door.

4. I couldn't open the door even though trying very hard.

5. Despite feeling cold, we kept walking.

1. Although we felt cold, but we kept walking.

2. Although we felt cold, we kept walking.

3. However cold we felt, but we kept walking.

4. However we felt cold, we kept walking.

ĐÁP ÁN

Bài 1:

1. When I delivered the newspaper

2. Because that clerk was so helpful

3. until it's dark

4. when he speaks in public.

5. whenever you are in New York.

6. while Rome burned.

7. as we bought our tickets.

8. than Bob can.

Bài 2:

1. Since

2. so that

3. Although

4. before

5. Since

6. Before

7. after

8. because

9. so that

10. If

Bài 3:

1. Adverbial clause of concession - even if it rains

2. Adverbial clause of time - when you have finished your work

3. Adverbial clause of place - wherever you like

4. Adverbial clause of reason - because it was expensive

5. Adverbial clause of condition - whether you hear from him or not

6. Adverbial clause of result - that few people could hear him

7. Adverbial clause of cause - since you have apologized

8. Adverbial clause of time - since I returned from the hills

9. Adverbial clause of result - that he could not stand

10. Adverbial clause of cause - as he was not there

Bài 4:

1. B (Chuyến bay đã bị trì hoãn vì sương mù.)

2. B (Hương đã không tham gia cuộc thi vì thiếu tự tin.)

3. A (Anh ấy đã giấu bức thư ở trong một cuốn sách để không ai có thể đọc được.)

4. D (Mặc dù Nam không thể nhìn thấy bất cứ cái gì nhưng anh ấy biết rằng một ai đang ở trong phòng anh ấy.)