Which of the following is an example of political deviance?

People used to think earlier that Workplace Deviance is a cultural phenomenon and depends on understanding of interpersonal skills alone. However, recent data proves that employees exhibiting deviant behavior come from various organizations and almost all countries. This has changed people’s view towards the way work is managed in organizations worldwide.

Some very common examples of Workplace Deviance are listed below −

Absenteeism

Absenteeism is defined as the ratio between the number of unauthorized leaves (employee being absent without informing) and the frequency of such incidents. Experts find a significant link between absenteeism and job dissatisfaction, role conflict (unclear authority), role ambiguity (unclear job description), and feelings of tension. Women are more likely to exhibit the deviant behavior of remaining absent from work than men.

Workplace Abuse

Acts of aggression like display of anger and interpersonal conflict have been linked to workplace abuse. Many times, employees are subject to abuse at the hands of their supervisors because of organizational constraints like steep deadlines, heavy workload, and bad time management.

Bullying

Workplace bullying is defined as mistreatment of an employee by his supervisors, colleagues, and co-workers. This includes verbal assault, gossiping and spreading rumors. Extreme cases may also include isolating someone from the professional circle. Bullied employees reduce their productivity, quality of output, and increase absenteeism. Many bullied employees quit the organization and sue it later, resulting in financial losses for the company.

Cyber Loafing

Cyber loafing is a time-wasting process where employees keep surfing the Internet, not for any work-related tasks, but for personal use. A recent survey states that 64% of people only in US have admitted to using the Internet for personal gains and completing personal tasks while at work. A 1999 survey held cyber-loafing responsible for a 30-40% decrease in employee productivity, costing US businesses $5.3 billion in just that year.

Incivility

Workplace incivility is treating others disrespectfully and rudely. It can be caused due to an unhealthy competitive spirit, withdrawal, and inept social skills. However, majority of incivility has been linked with lower job satisfaction, lesser agreeable co-workers, and violation of workplace norms for employee respect.

Lateness

Lateness is the action of deliberate arriving late at work and early leaving. Lateness has cost more than $3 billion dollars annually in US alone. The reason behind lateness is reduced efficiency and output. Employees who arrive late at work keep others waiting for approval or delay team targets. Cases of employees deliberately being late to work and early to leave are established cases of workplace deviance.

Substance Abuse

Deviant behavior also involves employees engaging in substance abuse at work which causes lesser attendance, lower performance, compromising on safety and can lead to other injuries both for that particular employee and his co-workers.

Withdrawal

Unsatisfied employees withdraw in order to avoid work tasks or pain, and remove themselves from their jobs. Withdrawal behavior may be explained as employee retaliation against inequity in the work setting. Withdrawal may also relate to job dissatisfaction, job involvement, and organizational commitment.

This collection of papers is concerned with a political process approach to the definition of deviance.

Abstract

The general approach is that groups, organizations, or states with varying resources create, maintain, or transform definitions of deviance and that these processes require delineation at various stages. An introductory paper examines how the political analysis of deviance can clarify important issues in the field of deviance and integrate this field with theory and research in conflict, social change, and sociology of law. The first group of papers looks at the role of collective interaction and social movements in creating, removing, or altering definitions of deviance. One paper explores the definition of trials as status degradation ceremonies and describes the process of counterdenunciation in which criminal behavior may be redefined as political deviance. A number of antiwar trials are cited to illustrate this process. Another paper investigates the role of cultural hegemony in constraining the political definition of acts. The news coverage of the antibicentennial march which was planned and executed by the July Fourth Coalition is discussed. The participants' definition of this historical event is contrasted with the depiction of the event in 18 major newspapers. The second group of papers discusses the role of organizations and of the state in the definition process. In one paper, the violence of ice hockey players is viewed as a form of political deviance, and attempts at the social control of such violence is considered to be a political phenomenon. The social conditions that contribute to changes in the legal status of violence in the game are examined. Another paper constructs a theory of the causes of the Watts (California); Newark, N.J.; and Detroit, Mich., race riots of the 1960's from evidence provided by an analysis of data on riot-related deaths and by a comparison of this period to similar periods of social change. The final paper explores alternative theoretical conceptions of the political bases of deviance definition. Individual papers have tables, graphs, footnotes, and references. Name and subject indexes are included. For separate papers, see NCJ 72519-21.

Which of the following are examples of political deviance?

Which of the following are examples of production deviance?

Which of the following is an example of workplace deviance?

Which of the following behaviors are considered organizational citizenship behaviors?