When raw facts and figures are processed and arranged in some order then they become

______ represents raw facts, whereas ______ is processed meaningful data.

1. Information, Bits
2. Records, Bytes
3. Data, Information
4. Information, Reporting

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : Data, Information

Free

Teaching Aptitude Mock Test

10 Questions 20 Marks 12 Mins

The data are defined as numbers that represent measurements from the real world. Datum is a single measurement.

• We often read the news like 20 centimetres of continuous rain in Barmer or 35 centimetres of rain at a stretch in Banswara in 24 hours or information such as New Delhi – Mumbai distance via Kota – Vadodara is 1385 kilometres and via Itarsi - Manmad is 1542 kilometres by train. This numerical information is called data. It may be easily realised that there is large volume of data available around the world today.
• However, at times, it becomes difficult to derive logical conclusions from these data if they are in raw form. Hence, it is important to ensure that the measured information is algorithmically derived and/or logically deduced and/or statistically calculated from multiple data. Information is defined as either a meaningful answer to a query or a meaningful stimulus that can cascade into further queries. 
• Information is a processed form of data. It is organized, meaningful, and useful.

Every day we come across a lot of information in the form of facts, numerical figures, tables, graphs, etc. These are provided by newspapers, televisions, magazines and other means of communication.

• These may relate to cricket batting or bowling averages, profits of a company, temperatures of cities, expenditures in various sectors of a five-year plan, polling results, and so on.
• These facts or figures, which are numerical or otherwise, collected with a definite purpose are called data. Data is the plural form of the Latin word datum. Of course, the word ‘data’ is not new for you. You have studied about data and data handling in earlier classes. Our world is becoming more and more information oriented. Every part of our lives utilises data in one form or the other. So, it becomes essential for us to know how to extract meaningful information from such data. 

Conclusion: Hence data represents raw facts, whereas information is processed meaningful data.

Last updated on Nov 10, 2022

University Grants Commission (Minimum Standards and Procedures for Award of Ph.D. Degree) Regulations, 2022 notified. As, per the new regulations, candidates with a 4 years Undergraduate degree with a minimum CGPA of 7.5 can enroll for PhD admissions. The UGC NET Final Result for merged cycles of December 2021 and June 2022 was released on 5th November 2022.Along with the results UGC has also released the UGC NET Cut-Off.  With tis, the exam for the merged cycles of Dec 2021 and June 2022 have conclude. The notification for December 2022 is expected to be out soon. The UGC NET CBT exam consists of two papers - Paper I and Paper II. Paper I consists of 50 questions and Paper II consists of 100 questions. By qualifying this exam, candidates will be deemed eligible for JRF and Assistant Professor posts in Universities and Institutes across the country.

Let's discuss the concepts related to Basics of Internet and Computer Networks. Explore more from ICT here. Learn now!

By itself, raw data doesn’t look like much or mean much, but it has the potential to be processed for analysis. 

Processed data comes from raw data and is typically easier to understand, better displayed, and leads to actionable insights, but you have less freedom and initial visibility into what happens with the data set. 

Raw data, then, is like an uncracked egg, while processed — or cooked — data is like scrambled eggs served on a dish.

See below to learn about raw data, how it gets processed, and why it matters for data-driven industries.

Learn more about big data with our courses on TechRepublic Academy!

Raw Data

• What is Raw Data
• Examples of Raw Data
• Raw Data Processing
• Why is Raw Data Important?

Read Next: What is Data Analysis?

What is Raw Data?

Raw data is the data that is collected from a source, but in its initial state. It has not yet been processed — or cleaned, organized, and visually presented. Raw data can be manually written down or typed, recorded, or automatically input by a machine. You can find raw data in a variety of places, including databases, files, spreadsheets, and even on source devices, such as a camera. Raw data is just one type of data with potential energy. 

Examples of Raw Data

Here are some examples of data in raw form:

• A list of every purchase at a store during a month but with no further structure or analysis
• Every second of footage recorded by a security camera overnight 
• The grades of all of the students in a school district for a quarter
• A list of every movie being streamed by video streaming company
• Open-ended responses to a survey question

Without organization and analysis, this data isn’t actionable. But all of the information is there to create benchmarks, ask questions, and process the data as well as make visuals to show what’s happening with a data set.

More qualitative data examples: What is Qualitative Data?

More quantitative data examples: What is Quantitative Data?

Raw Data Processing

Data analysts, software, and artificial intelligence (AI) all work to transform raw data into processed data. 

They start by organizing and cleaning the raw data. One of the most important parts of this process is removing outliers and duplicates within the data set.

The next step is an initial analysis that may involve data manipulation. Especially if analysts are analyzing raw data based on human responses to a question, they will look closely at those responses and determine if respondents inaccurately replied to the question in a way that will change the results. Analysts may also review the quality of the question to decide if the responses are relevant for further analysis.

Why is Raw Data Important?

Raw data serves several purposes, particularly in businesses where full data visibility is key to statistical and predictive analytics. 

Here are a few reasons why businesses heavily rely on raw data sources:

• Raw data is the starting phase of all data and the initial source of data-based decisions. You can’t make visually compelling charts or overarching analytical statements about processed data until you’ve worked through all of the raw data. 
• You can trust the integrity of raw data. You don’t have to worry that something has been removed or adjusted, because the format has not yet been manipulated by humans or machines.
• AI and machine learning methods can only analyze data in a raw format. Once the data has been processed, it is illegible to these technologies.
• Raw data gives you a backup resource. You can check your work and go back to the source after processing and manipulating your data sets. It’s all there for your reference if you run into a problem and need a new analysis.

Raw Data in Business

Raw data is critical in any line of business where frequent data analysis happens, such as health care, retail, and manufacturing. 

Without accessible raw data, companies are confined to whatever format processed data comes in, and there’s always the risk the data has been processed in error or is misaligned with strategy.

Dr. Diaswati Mardiasmo, Chief Economist at PRD, a real estate firm in Australia, explained why her company relies on raw data for greater integrity and visibility in their data analysis practices.

“Access to raw data gives us the chance to view the behind-the-scenes data and also cleanse the data for any anomalies or data imperfections,” Mardiasmo said. “This enhances accuracy and increases trust in any output products.”

Working with raw data ensures that you give credible information to your customers and internal departments.

Mardiasmo also described raw data as a source of creative freedom for her team.

“Raw data allows us to process and analyze the data in a manner that is most suitable and beneficial to us,” Mardiasmo said. “For example, we can choose to display the data in differing timelines, groupings, and data displays. We are not confined to already made data/graphs.”

See more: What is a Database Management System?

What happens to raw data after processing?

What is raw and processed data in a table?

Is raw facts and figures that have been translated into a meaningful form?

Is a collection of raw facts organized and processed?