Which of the following statements is true regarding fine motor skills in infancy
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Later studies offered which of the following critiques of Gesell's work on the development of motor skills? Show -Heredity is not as much of a factor in the development of motor skills as Gesell indicated. According to dynamic systems theory, what is required before infants can begin to develop their motor skills and perform actions? They must perceive something in the environment that motivates them to act. According to the dynamic systems theory, the action of infants feeding themselves with spoons requires maturation of the nervous system. What specific action of self-spoonfeeding is related to this maturation? The control of the hand moving from the bowl to the mouth. According to dynamic systems theory, motor development is a(n) ________ process. Motor development is embedded because Environmental circumstances can facilitate or restrict its possibilities True or false: the development of motor skills in infants is culturally influenced. According to developmentalist Arnold Gesell, infants and children develop motor skills: What is the purpose of reflexes? They allow infants to respond adaptively to their environment. Which theory of matter development suggests that perceptions are necessary for infants to fine-tune their movements and that motor skills represent solutions to the infants' goals? The purpose of the rooting reflex is to: Direct the infant to turn its head toward something to suck According to the dynamic systems theory, which of the following is not a critical factor in motor actions that an infant engages in? What is the purpose of the Moro reflex? It is believed to be a way of grabbing for support while falling Which of the following reflexes does not disappear, but instead turns into a complex, voluntary action? As infants expand their motor skills, they gain their independence in learning and exploring the world, which helps to improve their cognitive and social emotional development. This is because motor development is ________. The new perspective on infant reflexes is that they are: Not beyond an infant's control. The __________ reflex occurs when the infants cheek is stroked or the side of the mouth is touched and the infant turns its head toward the side that was touched. Which of the following activities is not a gross motor skill? The ___________ reflex occurs in response to beginning to fall, or to being startled by a sudden noise or movement. Newborn infants cannot voluntarily control their posture; it is not until they are __________ months of age that they can sit independently. Which of the following reflexes greatly diminish or disappear by the fourth month of life? Which of the following describe for key aspects that reflect the dynamic systems theory of development? -Enabling-Embedded-Enculturated -Embodied According to the old view, infants reflexive behaviors are: Involve large muscle activities Which of the following behaviors/movements are precursors to walking? -Alternating kicking movements What ability must an infant have as a foundation for gross motor skill development? 14-month-old Sophie began walking at the age of 11 months. She was categorized as an "experienced" walker in a recent research study. The babies in the study have to walk down a risky slope. From what we know about "experienced" walkers, what can we expec Sophie will pause and evaluate the slope before starting down it. As a child learns to walk, her changing body interacts with experiences and opportunities to walk as she physically grows. This is best categorized by which of the following? A key skill in learning to walk involves: Stabilizing balance on one leg How might learning to walk promote language development in children? It allows them to initiate interaction with parents and other adults. Isabel is a four month old baby who loves to hold onto her rattle. She shakes it repeatedly without dropping it. Which reflex is associated with how this behavior became possible In terms of the motor development milestones, which of the following can we expect to be true? Not all infants follow the standard sequence of motor accomplishments In a recent study, which of the following aspects of pregnancy and delivery showed the strongest link to the infant reaching motor skills earlier? What recommendation do most infant experts give regarding structured exercise classes for babies? Structured exercise classes are not recommended For an infant who has mobile, which of the following might cause delay in motor development? When an infant learns to walk, it Promotes change in other aspects of their development Which of the following is required for an infant to develop a skill such as sitting, crawling, or walking? Both Bella and Kenny are 12 months old. What can we expect regarding their motor skill development? Bella and Kenny may not follow the same sequence of motor skill accomplishments When they go to the playground, Gaia climbs to the top and lays daringly down across the bars. She is most likely what age? In a recent study, all of the following were linked to the earlier development of motor skills in infants except: Which of the following statements is true regarding elementary school children and gross motor development? Elementary school children feel a sense of accomplishment with running, jumping, or bicycling. Which of the following gross motor skills is not typically mastered in the second year of life? The positives of children's participation in organized sports include which of the following? -Developing peer relations-Learning how to compete -Enhanced self-esteem And infants movements cannot be repeated in the same way overtime in a different situation because their bodies, the environments in which they behave, and the tasks they face change. This requires Which of the following is true regarding peak physical performance? It occurs both for average adults and for outstanding athletes At three years of age a child enjoys motor movements such as: After an individual reaches the age of ________, most biological functions begin to decline. Which of the following are true regarding the development of gross motor skills in middle and late childhood? -Children who fail to develop basic motor skills face long-term negative effects The negatives that can accompany childhood organize sport activity include which of the following? -Pressure to win-Unrealistic expectations -Physical injuries Limited mobility has been linked to which of the following in older adults? -Obesity-Lower cognitive functioning -Falling risk Infants who are massaged and stretched and give an opportunity for exercise often Reach developmental milestones earlier Typically, individuals reach their peak physically between the ages of: Declines in biological functions after age 30 may include which of the following? -Cardiovascular functioning-Flexibility -Neural function Each year about 200,000 adults in late adulthood fracture of hip due to a fall. Half of these people will die within one year, usually from: Which of the following activities is not considered a fine motor skill? Hardly any control over fine motor skills What is the grasp called when an infant grips with the whole hand Which of the following would give the most insight into problem-solving in infants? An activity that requires finger dexterity would be referred to as a: During middle and late childhood, increased __________ of the central nervous system contributes to improved motor skills. Which of the following statements is true regarding fine motor skills in infancy? Newborns already have many components that will become finally coordinated finger movements True or false: fine motor skills may undergo some decline in middle and late adulthood as dexterity decreases. The eyes, ears, tongue, nostrils, and skin are all considered to be: In order to coordinate grasping, on which perceptual system would a four month old most likely rely? The interpretation of sensory information is called ________. True or false: unlike gross motor skills, There is no need for infants to exercise their fine motor skills. The __________ view connects perceptual capabilities to information available in the world of the perceiver. True or false: children's gross and fine motor skills are associated with cognitive function. ________ are The opportunities for interaction offered by objects that fit within our capabilities to perform activities. Which of the following would most impact in older adult's fine motor skills? A researcher who studies whether an infant can distinguish one stimulus from another measuring the length of time the infant attend two different stimuli is using which of the following methods? Which of the following statements is correct regarding the visual acuity of infants? An infant's visual acuity past six months of age is 20/40 Which of the following best describes the interpretation of the air waves that connect contact the ears as a musical sound? True or false: experience is necessary for color vision to develop normally. Which of the following statements is consistent with Gibson's ecological view of perceptual development in infancy? We directly perceive information that exists in the world around us When sensory stimulation is changing (for instance, seeing the same object at different distances), but perception of the physical world remains the same, an infant is experiencing: According to Eleanor and James Gibson, an infant who runs down a steep slope or crawls across a narrow beam is determining the Affordances of the slope or beam The realization that your mother has the same appearance and does not shrink as you watch her walk away from you (even though she appears to get smaller) means that you understand ___________ constancy. ____________ is when an infant can decrease responding to a stimulus after repeated exposure; whereas __________ is the recovery of a stimulus. Habituation; dishabituation On the well-known Snellen chart that is used for examinations, a newborns vision acuity is estimated to be: By ___________ of age, infants have similar color preferences to adults; for example, they prefer saturated colors over pale ones. The recognition that an object remains the same shape even though its orientation to us changes is called: Sean is an infant who is capable of understanding that his mother is still his mother whether he sees her right in front of him, from across the room, or as she waves from her car window. This capability is called: Which of the following are factors in perceptual completion? -Self-directed exploration with eye movements-Learning -Experience The recognition that an object remains the same dimensions even if the retinal image of the object changes as you move toward or away from the object is a specific type of perceptual constancy known as _________ constancy. Which of the following is most often used to assess an infants attention to sound? All of the following are changes in vision that occur in childhood, as opposed to infancy, except: The ability to use binocular cues to perceive depth � 3 to 4 monthsDuring childhood:-The ability to focus and sustain attention on close-up objects-Development of our muscles adequate to scan across a series of letters -Greater efficiency at detecting Caleb understands that his teddy bear has two arms and legs, even though he can't see the legs of his teddy bear when he peaks over the edge of his crib and sees the bear on the floor. Caleb has: Older adults experience which of the following visual changes as they age? -Declines in visual acuity-Problems with color vision -Diseases of the eye Infants at the age of two months develop the ability to perceive that partially __________ objects are whole. The laboratory procedure constructed by Gibson and walk to determine whether or not an infant could perceive depth is called Which of the following declines in vision begin to happen in middle age? -Reduced blood supply to eyes-Need for more light to work or read -Presbyopia When 68-year-old Mary enters a movie theater, she finds that her eyes take longer to adjust to the darkness than I used to. The situation illustrates the result of a decline in ___________ as people age. Which of the following are possible signs of vision problems in children? -Rubbing the eyes-Shutting or covering one eye-Blinking or squinting excessively -Tilting we had to look at something A yellowing of the lens affects how well an individual perceives True or false: researchers have found that visual decline in late adulthood is linked to cognitive decline and an increase in social contacts. As people age they may find it more difficult to determine how close or far away or how high or low something is. This is a reflection of the impact of age on: The loss of ability to focus on close objects that often occurs in middle age is called: Visual decline in older adults can often be traced to a reduction in the quality or intensity of light that reaches the: Color vision in later adulthood may decline because of a yellowing of the __________ of the eye. Which of the following are true of glaucoma? -It can be treated with eyedrops Alice, who is 75, lives independently but sometimes has difficulty perceiving where steps or curbs are. The situation illustrates a problem with __________ in later adulthood. ___________ is a disease that involves a deterioration of the focal center of the visual field. When can sound first be perceived? During the last two months of pregnancy Which of the following is a common treatment for cataracts? What are some of the changes in hearing that take place during infancy? -Pitch-Localization -Loudness What is the medical condition that happens when excess pressure inside the eye causes damage to the optic nerve? True or false: although most adolescents hearing is excellent, listening to loud sound through headphones for sustained periods of time is always a concern, given it creates the risk of developing hearing problems. Hearing can start to decline by the age of People with macular degeneration May be able to see on the periphery but not what is directly in front of them. The primary neural receptor for hearing in the inner ear is called the: Which of the following can be inferred as an outcome of the research by DeCasper and Spenser in which mothers read The Cat in the Hat to their fetuses and then to their child post-birth. -Fetuses can hear Hearing aids amplify sound to help reduce _________ hearing loss. Middle-ear-based conductive Dual sensory loss in vision and hearing has been linked to increased: Adolescent hearing loss has been related to: Lower academic performance Which of the following reflexes demonstrates that infants can feel touch? The ability to hear _________ sounds is most likely to remain static in middle adulthood. Lose-pitched What kind of study did Megan Gunnar and colleagues conduct that concluded newborns were capable of feeling pain? A study of circumcision of infant males Hearing problems in older adults have been associated with which of the following? -Increased falls-Increased loneliness -Accelerated cognitive decline With regard to pain sensitivity for lower pain intensities, older adults are: Less sensitive to pain than younger adults Some neurosensory hearing loss can be restored with ________ implants. What type of smells do newborns prefer? Smell such as strawberry and vanilla Outcomes for older adults with dual sensory loss are: At which age do infants begin to prefer salty tastes? What is the common understanding regarding infants and the sensation of touch? Newborns are capable of feeling touch True or false: the pain threshold in newborns occurs at a lower level of stimulation than that for adults. When watching a hockey game, spectators can hear the sound of the stick hitting the puck and see the puck slide across the ice. This ability is known as: Which statement about smell in infancy is true? Infants recognize their mothers smell within about a week of being born. Which of the following statements is true regarding the taste capacities of a newborn? Sensitivity to taste appears to develop prenatally Which of the following statements are true regarding an intense capacity for intermodal perception? -Experience improves an infants intermodal perception The integration of information from two or more sensory modalities is called: Today it is clear that perception development is influenced by Nature, nurture, and a developing sensitivity to information Which are some of the possible consequences of the decline in smell that occurs throughout adulthood? -Reduction in the ability to detect smoke from a fire-Reduced life satisfaction -Reduced enjoyment of food The current view of perceptual-motor coupling in infants is the: True or false: early, exploratory forms of intermodal perception exist even in newborns. drivers over the age of 65 are involved in more auto accidents as a result of ___________. -Not yielding the right of way-Improper turns -Not obeying traffic signs What is the common understanding regarding infants in the satisfaction of touch? Newborns are capable of feeling touch Those who emphasize learning and experience in perceptual development are called: Perception and ___________ are coupled with each other. This is a demonstration through the movement of one's head, hands, arms, and eyes. Cognitive training programs are shown have shown some success in older adults, including in which of the following? What are fine motor skills in infancy?Generally thought of as the movement and use of hands and upper extremities, fine motor skills include reaching, grasping and manipulating objects with your hands. Fine motor skills also involve vision, specifically visual motor skills, often referred to hand-eye coordination.
What does fine motor development look like in infants?Between the ages of 8-12 months, your baby will:
Reach, grab, and put objects in their mouth. Pinch small objects (e.g. cheerios) with thumb and pointer finger. Move objects from one hand to the other.
Which of the following is an example of a fine motor skill in infants?Fine motor skills examples for infants
Playing with fingers. Clasping and unclasping hands. Grasping and holding toys. Putting objects in their mouth.
Which of the following is an example of a fine motor skill in infants quizlet?The best example of a fine motor skill in this list is: using scissors to cut paper. Gross motor skills such a riding a tricycle are acquired: through a combination of brain maturation and practice.
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